How to Tell If a Pearl Is Real
Even the famous tooth test isn't
foolproof.
Just like gemstones can be manufactured or faked, pearls also come
in a multitude of imitations that can be very difficult to tell
from the "real" thing. So how do you know whether a pearl
is "faux" or fabulous?
Consider the "setting" in which you see the pearls. If
it is a piece of jewelry in which the pearls are set, such as brooches,
rings, pins, hairpins and pendants, check the mounting. Few jewelers
would be mounting real, quality pearls in anything but genuine silver,
gold, platinum and other valued metals.
Should you have the good fortune to see a beautifully matched string
of pearls, take a very close look. Because natural pearls are seldom
round, and very rarely are they a complete match. That's because
of the way in which pearls are made inside the oyster. Also, natural
and other real pearl necklaces are usually made with knots between
the pearls, where faux, glass and plastic pearl necklaces are not.
Perhaps the most famous method of verifying whether your pearls
are the genuine article, is the "tooth test". Take your
necklace, or ring, and rub the pearl(s) across your teeth. Supposedly,
the natural ridges that form in the pearl's creation, will make
it feel rough, where the surface of a fake pearl, is smooth. This
test however, can be "fooled", because dyed natural pearls
may have ridges so low, that the spaces in between are filled with
the dye, and so they have an unnaturally smooth feel.
"Natural" pearls are formed in oysters, when a piece
of dirt or other material gets inside and irritates it. The oyster
then begins to secrete a whitish, crystalline substance called nacre
that builds up in layers around the offending grain of dirt. As
a finished pearl, this will show what are sometimes almost invisible
ridges due to the many layers of nacre.
Because they are so popular, today's pearls are seldom the oyster's
product made by nature. They are more often cultured pearls that
are grown in freshwater or saltwater, and may be created by artificially
implanting starter grains in other mollusks besides oysters.
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